The goal is to confirm the theory that a 75-decibel boom will be acceptable. Once the X-59 is flown over the selected areas, NASA will engage with the communities on the ground to gauge their response to the noise. “Only when we’re satisfied with the performance we’ll go out to the communities, and still carefully control the level of the sonic booms.” “We don’t want to repeat that, of course, that’s why we’re going to test this aircraft on a restricted range first, measuring all the booms,” says Nickol. It didn’t go well, with up to 20% of people objecting to the booms and 4% filing complaints and damage claims. The plan is reminiscent of an experiment run by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) in 1964, when supersonic fighter jets were repeatedly flown over Oklahoma City to test the impact of sonic booms on the public. The crucial part of the program will start in 2024, when a series of test flights will be performed over half a dozen residential communities across the US, selected to offer a diverse mix of geographic and atmospheric conditions: “That’s going to be a fun part of the project, because we’re going to engage with the public and generate a little bit of citizen science,” says Nickol. “It may even be that people don’t hear the boom at all, and if they do they will certainly not be startled, because it will be low and spread out, and not that loud at all.” ![]() “What that means is that this aircraft may sound like distant thunder on the horizon, or like someone shutting a car door around the corner,” Nickol says. The lone engine is also at the top rather than the bottom of the plane, to keep a smooth lower profile that prevents shockwaves from reaching the ground.Īs a result, NASA believes the X-59 will produce just 75 decibels of sound when traveling at supersonic speeds, compared to Concorde’s 105 decibels. Instead, they spread out, with the help of strategically placed aerodynamic surfaces. The X-59’s shape is designed to prevent the shockwaves from coalescing together. ![]() When this highly compressed shockwave meets a human ear, it produces a loud boom, which does not occur when the plane breaks the sound barrier, but is rather a continuous effect that can be heard by anyone in a cone-shaped area beneath the plane, as long as it exceeds the speed of sound. Lockheed Martinīut how does a sonic boom happen? When an aircraft travels at subsonic speeds, the sound waves that it normally creates can travel in all directions at supersonic speeds, however, the aircraft will leave its own sound behind and the sound waves will compress and coalesce into a single shockwave that originates at the nose and ends at the tail. The sleek shape plays a key role in making the aircraft much quieter when traveling supersonically. The nose is a distinguishing feature on this aircraft: it’s about a third of the length.” “It’s extremely long and thin: It’s almost 100 feet long (30.5 meters), but has a wingspan of only about 29 feet. ![]() “It will be significantly quieter than Concorde or any other supersonic aircraft that exist today,” says Craig Nickol, senior adviser at NASA Headquarters. The X-59 is the latest in a series of experimental planes which include the X-1, which in 1947 became the first manned aircraft to exceed the speed of sound, and the X-15, which still holds the record for the fastest ever manned flight, set in 1967 at Mach 6.7.ĭesigned and built by Lockheed Martin in Palmdale, California, under a $247.5 million NASA contract, the X-59 is currently undergoing tests on the ground, in anticipation of a first flight later in 2022. The agency is doing so through a program called Quesst, which is the result of decades of research and is centered around a new aircraft called the X-59. Now, NASA is working to change those regulations by transforming the boom into a “thump,” paving the way for a new generation of quieter supersonic aircraft. The supersonic airliner was restricted to subsonic speeds when flying over land or near coastlines, and current international regulations still limit the speed of commercial transport over land to below Mach 1, or the speed of sound, to avoid the disturbance of sonic booms over inhabited areas. Sonic booms are part of the reason why there are no supersonic passenger planes flying today, and one of the limiting factors to the success of Concorde, which last flew in 2003. The loud, explosion-like bang – caused by a plane flying faster than the speed of sound – can be startling, and even crack windows. If you’ve heard a sonic boom recently, you probably remember it.
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He said there are very vivid memories that many Soldiers share about their time at Fort Knox. One of those who attended basic training during the Vietnam War era is Paul Urbahns, a local historian who went through signal corps advanced training after graduating basic at Fort Knox in 1970. "The Cold War helped secure the Armor Branch's role in the Army and the Armor Center continued to fulfill the role of producing capable and highly trained armor personnel." "By the late 1960s, more than one million trainees had completed one or more training programs in the Fort Knox Training Center since its inception in 1940," according to historical records at the Fort Knox Cultural Resources Office. Gerald Follmar, who would later graduate from Officer Candidate School and receive his commission. So many Soldiers passed through the gates of Fort Knox in basic training that in 1968, leaders celebrated their one millionth graduate there - a Pvt. That same year, Reserve Officer Training Camp's Basic Camp opened at Fort Knox. Soon after, the center received yet a new name, this time as the "Armor Center" and "Armor School."īy that time, trouble in Southeast Asia, specifically Vietnam, began and gradually increased over a period of years that began with non-combatant military advisors for the South Vietnamese army and phased into the introduction of regular combat troops in 1965. Army Training Center- Armor, and comprised about half of the entire population of Fort Knox. Under new authority, it became known as U.S. Then in 1955, the center was again activated to resume training before 3rd Armored Division moved to Europe the following year. The Army Organization Act of 1950 saw armor and cavalry merged into the Armor Branch. ![]() During their time at Fort Knox, they would train more than 300,000 Soldiers for war. The goal: to train "Soldiers in specific areas such as armor tactics, tank gunnery, communications, and maintenance," according to "History of Fort Knox" found on the Fort Knox website at Caution-In 1947, Army leaders reactivated 3rd Armored Division at Fort Knox to assume command of the replacement training center. In fact, the Army established the Armored Force School and Armored Force Replacement Center in October 1940. "It was armor associated in World War II. "It all kind of started in 1940, then morphed into the U.S. "Many of my quick reactions in Vietnam, if I didn't have the training I had here, I might have gotten myself killed," said McCloughan.īasic training started a bit vague during the buildup to a war, said Matthew Rector, Fort Knox historic preservation specialist. He admits that he had to adjust his attitude and mindset before starting basic training. Jim McCloughan credits Fort Knox basic training with saving his life.Īfter graduating college, the former Army combat medic and Medal of Honor recipient attended basic training at Fort Knox in 1968 under the draft when there were no deferments handed out. Army) VIEW ORIGINAL 5 / 5 Show Caption + Hide Caption – (Photo Credit: U.S. Army) VIEW ORIGINAL 4 / 5 Show Caption + Hide Caption – (Photo Credit: U.S. ![]() Army) VIEW ORIGINAL 3 / 5 Show Caption + Hide Caption – (Photo Credit: U.S. Army) VIEW ORIGINAL 2 / 5 Show Caption + Hide Caption – (Photo Credit: U.S. 1 / 5 Show Caption + Hide Caption – (Photo Credit: U.S. ![]() "We would be deeply saddened by any potential loss of innocent life," he added. It is unclear what may have happened, and we are investigating further," Capt. "We know that there were substantial and powerful subsequent explosions resulting from the destruction of the vehicle, indicating a large amount of explosive material inside that may have caused additional casualties. military acknowledged later Sunday that there were reports of civilian casualties following the strike. There were two wounded."Īnother neighbour told CNN that they estimated that there might have been up to 20 people killed in the strike, "not much is left of their house and nothing can be recognized, they are in pieces."Īnother witness told CNN that after the strike, neighbours and onlookers "removed six dead bodies" and believes that there are "children who are still missing." "The father of the family and another young boy and there were two children. "All the neighbours tried to help and brought water to put out the fire and I saw that there were five or six people dead," a neighbour told CNN. Neighbours and witnesses at the scene of the drone strike in Kabul told CNN that several people were killed, including children. "We are not ISIS or Daesh and this was a family home - where my brothers lived with their families." The youngest killed was a two-year-old girl, according to a brother of the one of those killed. carried out a defensive airstrike in Kabul, targeting a suspected ISIS-K suicide bomber who posed an "imminent" threat to the airport, U.S. drone strike targeting a vehicle in a residential neighbourhood of Kabul, a relative of the dead told a local journalist working with CNN. NPR Pentagon reporter Tom Bowman contributed to this report.Nine members of one family - including six children - were killed in a U.S. "Why would we have explosives to kill people?" "We're trying to help people," he told the Post. Kwon denied that NEI has any association with ISIS-K. After Ahmadi met at the NEI compound to discuss an emergency food aid program for displaced people, he spent the rest of the day running errands, Kwon said. Steven Kwon, president of California-based Nutrition and Education International, told the Post that the white sedan belonged to the organization. "My theory is: The explosives themselves ruptured the gas tank, released the vapor, and because of the fire that happened a short time afterward, it detonated and caused something that may have been explosion-like," said Ferenc Dalnoki-Veress, a professor at the Middlebury Institute of International Studies. If there was a secondary explosion, two experts said, it was likely caused by ignited fuel vapors. "It seriously questions the credibility of the intelligence or technology utilized to determine this was a legitimate target," security consultant Chris Cobb-Smith told the Times.Įxplosives experts told the Post that the damage was mostly caused by the Hellfire missile fired by the drone. Experts pointed to the lack of collapsed walls or destroyed vegetation. Times reporters could find no evidence of a second explosion at the scene. The Times and Post analyses also called into question military assertions of "secondary explosions" in the courtyard. "I filled the containers myself, and helped him load them into the trunk," a guard told the Times. Military officials had said the driver seemed to have loaded explosives into the car that day, but security camera footage obtained by the Times shows the alleged explosives were likely containers used to carry water home to his family. ![]() The Centcom group that gathered the intelligence is reviewing all the information it had, although it's uncertain when or if any results will be made public. What is uncertain, the source said, is whether the driver was part of the supposed terrorist effort or was forced into it. official tells NPR that Central Command continues to believe it was a legitimate target. Bill Urban declined to comment on the allegations, citing an ongoing investigation. Ahmadi's relatives told the Times that 10 members of their family were killed, including seven children. Family members told the Times that Ahmadi had applied for refugee resettlement in the United States.Īhmadi was not the only person killed by the drone strike. aid group Nutrition and Education International, which aims to eliminate malnutrition in Afghanistan. But the Times and Post investigations were unable to find evidence of any explosives in the car, which they say was driven by 43-year-old Zemari Ahmadi, an engineer working for the U.S. Thread the leather strap through the laminated paper then tie floss through the hole. Use the Cricut Explore to cut and write your deets – then laminate it all using the Xyron Sticker Maker. ![]() Now that you’ve got the cover finished, time to add your personal information to the inside. Stitch in and out, going up and back each side of the luggage tag until you get back to your starting point, then tie them in a knot as shown ![]() Use embroidery floss to stitch together the two sides of the luggage tag cover. I even accidentally put one of these leather tags in the washer and none of the paint chipped off! Next, I used Angelus leather paint to decorate the leather – you’ll want to use leather paint for this! It’s super durable. The Explore will cut through tooling leather like nobody’s business…just make sure you’re cutting with the Cricut Deep Cut Blade. To create your own DIY leather luggage tags, you’ll need to head over to Cricut Design Space and use THIS canvas that I’ve designed for you.Ĭlick here for the DIY LEATHER LUGGAGE TAG project in Cricut Design Space If you haven’t heard me go on and on and on and on about cutting leather in my Cricut Explore…well…I’ll spare you the rambling and point you THIS blog post where I break it all down. In the spirit of a travel-filled 2017, I used my Cricut Explore to tackle a project I’ve had brewing in my brain for years: DIY leather luggage tags. ![]() This guarantees a year of traveling and adventured. In Columbia – on New Year’s Eve, you grab your suitcase and go run around the block. Now that I’ve lived in Miami for a while, I’ve come to learn a ton about Latin American culture and traditions…but my favorite is the Columbian tradition for travel. Most everyone in Miami speaks Spanish and you can get a cafe con leche much more easily than you can order up a chai latte. DIY Leather Luggage Tags - Damask Love bloglovin Bloglovin icon email facebook Facebook icon instagram Instagram icon linkedin LinkedIn icon pinterest Pinterest icon rss RSS icon soundcloud SoundCloud icon twitter Twitter icon youtube banana Banana graphic bananaleaf Banana leaf graphic bird-with-leaves Bird with leaves graphic blue-chocolate-popsicle Blue chocolate popsicle graphic blue-popsicle Blue popsicle graphic cactus-flower-top Cactus w/ flower top graphic cactus-pink-top Cactus w/ pink top graphic cactus-yellow-top Cactus w/ yellow top graphic cherries Cherries graphic coconut Coconut graphic coffee-cup Coffee cup graphic firecracker-popsicle Firecracker popsicle graphic flamingo Flamingo graphic frozen-banana Frozen banana graphic kiwi-popsicle Kiwi popsicle graphic kiwi Kiwi slice lemon-wedge Lemon wedge graphic lime-wedge Lime wedge graphic orange-popsicle Orange popsicle graphic pineapple Pineapple graphic pink-chocolate-ice-cream-pop Pink chocolate ice cream pop grahpic pink-ice-cream-pop Pink ice cream pop graphic pink-popsicle Pink popsicle graphic pink-sundae-cone Pink sundae cone graphic pink-swirl-cone Pink swirl cone graphic pizza-slice-basil Pizza slice w/ basil graphic pizza-slice-olives Pizza slice w/ olives graphic pizza-slice-onions Pizza slice w/ onions graphic rainbow-swirl-cone Rainbow swirl cone graphic rainbow-waffle-cone Rainbow waffle cone graphic strawberries Strawberries graphic strawberry Strawberry graphic sun Sun graphic text-hello Hello text graphic text-shine-on Shine On text graphic text-yay Yay text graphic watermelon-large Watermelon slice (large) graphic watermelon-small Watermelon slice (small) graphic These organizations have had their recognition revoked by the institution for various reasons, including such things as hazing, alcohol and drug abuse, risk management violations, and failure to comply with University policies and expectations. WARNING: Some organizations that were once recognized fraternities or sororities on campus continue to operate underground despite having lost recognition from the University. Those chapters listed under the recognized with distinction category have gone above and beyond the expectations of the Department of Fraternity & Sorority Life related to programming, attendance, and service initiatives.New sororities and fraternities must demonstrate a capacity to meet these requirements. ![]() Has reasonably complied with the University of Maryland Chapter Expectations established by the Vice President and the DFSL.Is accepted by one of the four governing councils: the Interfraternity Council, the Pan-Hellenic Council, the Panhellenic Association, or the Multicultural Greek Council, unless exempted from this requirement at the discretion of the DFSL on a case-by-case basis.Newly chartered chapters without an inter/national infrastructure may be exempted from this requirement at the discretion of the Department of Fraternity and Sorority Life (DFSL) on a case-by-case basis Is in good standing with its International or National Headquarters.Has a minimum of five (5) currently enrolled University of Maryland, College Park, undergraduate student members.Is a registered student organization with the University’s Office of Campus Programs.In keeping with the Vice President’s expectation that sororities and fraternities be responsibly managed and participate as constructive members of the community, as a general rule, recognition will not be granted unless the sorority or fraternity chapter: Below you will find the recognition status of all of our recognized fraternities and sororities at the University of Maryland. ![]() The ReFa COLLAGEN ENRICH DRINK was created in collaboration with Fujifilm Corporation. They are individually packed into 50ml bottles where you take one daily to meet your needs. This drink contains 10,000mg of hydrolysed collagen, Vitamins B2 and B6 and Coix Seed Extract.Īdditionally, these ingredients will boost your skin health and improve your complexion such as reducing signs of ageing. However, fret not, because this drink has a fruity twist to it. Pure collagen drinks either taste bland or overly sweetened- there’s no in-between. Where to buy: Isora’s official website 2. It is easy to consume simply drink one bottle every one to two days, and you’ll see the difference in as little as two to four weeks. Each HyperGlow bottle boasts more than 10% collagen, helping you enhance collagen production for a smoother, firmer, and brighter complexion. It contains CalmComplex™, a natural ingredient with L-theanine and Magnesium, that helps you manage stress and prevent damage to your skin. Meet Isora HyperGlow Collagen Drink, the first collagen drink with stress protection. It causes collagen to break down, leading to wrinkles, dehydration, and dullness. But while you use sunscreen to protect your skin from harmful sunrays, you probably don’t do anything to protect it from stress. Stress is one of the biggest enemies of your skin. The Best 20 Collagen Drinks In Singapore 1. It usually takes several weeks for you to notice a significant effect on your skin. No, collagen drinks are not a magical supplement that will make you look youthful instantly. How Long Does It Take for Collagen Drinks to Work? Promote better digestion due to the presence of glycine.What are the Benefits of Collagen Drinks?Īpart from its primary benefit which reduces the appearance of wrinkles and decreases the signs of ageing, You might be interested to try out collagen drinks as it offers benefits for overall health as well. There are several forms of collagen drinks available on the market namely powder, sachets, capsules, and drinks. It simply triggers the production of our body’s natural collagen. It’s not surprising that collagen drinks have become a buzzword as it is considered a secret to staying youthful.Ĭollagen drinks serve as some form of supplement to our body’s natural collagen and avoid the decrease of collagen levels. It functions to stimulate the production of hyaluronic acid and strengthen the skin. Kinohimitsu Collagen Diamond 5300 DrinkĬollagen is a protein that exists in the human body and supports the tissues and muscles. Herbal Pharm Collagen C Immune Booster Shot Drink Holistic Way Collagen - Marine Collagen + Complete Antioxidants Cocos Collagen MCT Powder Original Restore & Rejuvenate ![]()
![]() Let me know if you have alternative/better recommendations. It's been an adventure, trying to hunt down PDF editors/readers to replace Adobe Acrobat on some of my machines. On it, Preview will do most of what I need: looking at multiple PDFs on separate tabs, renaming files while I view them, filling PDF forms, adding a signature, combining PDFs, re-arranging pages, deleting pages, etc.įor more intense editing (like changing background colour), I would recommend LibreOffice Draw or Photopea. Site survives by displaying ads, but no ads or watermarks are printed on your PDF. No files are uploaded to a server (they stay on your computer) but you work on the files in your browser. It's an excellent substitute for Adobe Photoshop. "mogrify -format jpg -density 300 -append *.pdf"Īlternatively, you can upload PDF files to online services if it's not a security risk for you (PDFSam, PDFEscape, Adobe, etc.) or trialware might work for you temporarily (like Foxit PhantomPDF). ![]() ImageMagick can do conversions en masse of PDF to other formats. Multiple tab capability.įirefox and Chromium-based web browsers - reader (Windows/Mac/Linux). Multiple tab capability can rename files while you view them. Inkscape - editor (Windows/Mac/Linux/FreeBSD). Good for more involved editing moderately difficult. LibreOffice Draw - editor (Windows/Mac/Linux).Word (Windows/Mac 'free' if already included) - editor.Online service, but files edited locally in browser. Photopea - Adobe Photoshop substitute.PDF Reader by Xodo - editor/reader (Windows - Microsoft Store app).Excellent solution for most common needs. Preview - editor/reader (Mac built-in app).I’m listing downloadable, tested, free (no cost) PDF software that you can keep on your computer without artificial limitations or reduced feature sets. If you are new to R/Frugal check out our WIKI for helpful tools, answers to FAQs and links to recommended subreddits. Report infractions and let the mods handle it. What's good for you might not be good for others, and vice versa.ĭon't be baited into violating the rules. Stores, products, prices and resources all vary by location. Remember that not everyone lives where you live. If you have questions about a removal or wish to request reinstatement, message the moderators.Įveryone has their own definition of frugality, and reason for being frugal.ĭiscuss and debate, but don't fight over it, or be condescending to those who do not share your particular view on frugality. Removed posts will include flair indicating why it was removed.ĭepending on the removal reason, posts and comments may be reinstated if edited. If posting something you made, leave a top level comment explaining how or why you went about it, how much it cost, how much time it took, and share the recipe or materials needed. If posting an image, make sure the title is informative and clear in how it relates to frugality, and follow it up with a top level comment with details. If requesting advice, explain your situation as best you can so that users have something to work with. No lost money, beer money, stocks/investing, or cryptocurrency/NFT money-making schemes.įollow posting and commenting guidelines in sidebar.īe informative. Refrain from posting uncivil or off-topic political content or social issues. Reserve hauls and finds for the megathread or Frugal Finds Friday. No promotion or discussion of fraud, theft, piracy, ULPTs, harassment, or illegal activity.įollow up image posts with a comment, and be descriptive and informative when posting in general. Low effort, off topic, inane, or crude content will be removed. R/Frugal Discord Rules - Read the full rules here ![]() Our Wiki and GuidesĪ Guide to Free Services, Events, and Things In Your Community and on the Internet - See thread hereĪ list of subreddits for redditors in need of short term assistance, or just guidance and advice Let's all work together to keep r/Frugal on-topic, friendly, honest and helpful. It includes time, money, convenience, and many other factors. Frugality is the mental approach we each take when considering our resource allocations. ![]() Cars nowadays are much more complicated.The Proteg� sedan received a front-end face-lift for 2001. Although I haven't personally worked on old cars, my pops told me that old cars were much simpler. Putting together that 67 coronet with your dad sounds awesome however. Knowing how something works is very different than working on it. AP classes aren't that tough/in depth and I'm not sure how working with Nasa gives you experience with cars. For now you could spend about $300 for an awesome air intake from k&n to boost power a bit and possibly increase mpg, but that's all that seems smart to do.ītw, I saw another one of your posts. Plus it's a protégé which is an eh car to begin with. Fixing up a car is cool and all, but unless you are gonna completely overhaul the car including reinforcing the frame and improving steering etc., it won't turn out too great to add much more to the factory hp. I agree with other people that you should hold off a little. there are many platforms that are much better to start with. If you insist on spending the $3k on making your car faster, I would really suggest you trade in your protege and put the money towards a sportier ride. A good turbo setup will cost more than $3k and making it run is not as simple as bolting some parts up and driving off. A real, high comp, high revving naturally aspirated build will cost more than $3k. If you want answers to your question, here you go: those engines are not responsive to naturally aspirated tuning. Those are the best things you can spend your money on, and you'll know more about cars and be a better driver in the future thanks to it. Autocrossing is a really cheap way to get your feet wet. If you want to go faster, invest in track time. Get some good tires on it, get a shop manual, buy some tools, do maintenance. Get real for a second here and accept that this dude is absolutely right, trying to modify your protege for horsepower is ridiculous and a waste of money. C'mon man, you're trying to cite a couple entry-level highschool classes as your key qualifications. Will my husband divorce me if I dehydrate tomatoes in his F-150 truck?ĭennis Collins, a Highway Accident Investigator at the National Transportation Safety Board The wonderful and epic tale of Yoshi the Yarisįorget the trunk monkey, check out trash pandas. Trying to identify a car? Try /r/whatisthiscar, /r/namethatcar, or /r/rbi.įor information on content removal, user warnings, and bans, please see the Chain of Action page. Create a text post that includes the link and your thoughts on the subject matter.ħ: Users will need to participate in threads created by others in /r/cars before being able to make their own threads. -Basics of swapping engines/layouts/transmissions/bodiesĢ: All car purchase questions must go in the weekly car choosing sticky.ģ: Direct image and video links are not allowed.One Million subscribers! WooHoo! Autos Network Subreddit List Follow us > /r/Cars Wiki However, we encourage you to explore other online platforms. We try to be a helpful discussion-driven community while maintaining high-quality discourse and topical content. We're Reddit's central hub for vehicle-related discussion, industry news, reviews, projects, DIY guides, advice, stories, and more. r/Cars is the largest automotive enthusiast community on the Internet. PlayStation Plus is not required to participate in the open beta, but if you plan to play on Xbox, you will need an active Xbox Live Gold subscription. The beta will be available on PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Windows PC, Xbox One, and Xbox Series X. After what seems like years of waiting for fans, the Battlefield 2042 release date was finally announced, alongside information about the Battlefield 2042 beta dates, an overview about Battlefield. The open beta will then start two days later on. The beta will open up for all players starting on Oct. Known leaker Tom Henderson has claimed that the Beta for Battlefield 2042 will now arrive on October 6 for those who have pre-ordered the game. ![]() 6 for an exclusive two-day early access period. During the beta, players can choose to play as one of four different specialists, who each more or less represent a traditional Battlefield class and have their own abilities.īattlefield 2042 players who have pre-ordered the game will get access to the beta starting on Oct. Battlefield 2042 is a 2021 first-person shooter, developed by DICE and published by Electronic Arts. The beta will feature the game’s Orbital map, which takes the fight to an active rocket launch site. The open beta will include Battlefield’s signature Conquest mode, but with a slight twist: Two teams will compete to control several flags in certain areas, rather than larger individual control points. ![]() ![]() 6-9, Electronic Arts and developer DICE announced on Tuesday. Battlefield 2042 is delayed until November, but its beta is still ready for the near future. AugBy Zackerie Fairfax As players anticipate the Battlefield 2042 Open Beta ahead of the game’s launch, a new leak points to a potential start date. ![]() The actual pixel fill rate is also dependant on quite a few other factors, especially the memory bandwidth of the card - the lower the memory bandwidth is, the lower the ability to get to the max fill rate. ROPs (Raster Operations Pipelines - also sometimes called Render Output Units) are responsible for drawing the pixels (image) on the screen. Pixel rate is calculated by multiplying the amount of Render Output Units by the clock speed of the card. Pixel Rate: Pixel rate is the maximum number of pixels the graphics card can possibly write to its local memory per second - measured in millions of pixels per second. It is measured in millions of texels in one second. The better this number, the better the card will be at handling texture filtering (anisotropic filtering - AF). This number is worked out by multiplying the total amount of texture units by the core clock speed of the chip. Texel Rate: Texel rate is the maximum texture map elements (texels) that are applied per second. It especially helps with AA, HDR and high resolutions. The higher the bandwidth is, the better the card will be in general. in The Witcher 3: Wild Hunt, with 1080p resolution and the Ultra Preset, the GTX 750 Ti is 9.5 faster than the GTX 950. In the case of DDR type RAM, the result should be multiplied by 2 once again. Heres the range of performance differences observed across popular games: in Metro Exodus, with 4K resolution and the High Preset, the GTX 950 is 100 faster than the GTX 750 Ti. It is worked out by multiplying the card's interface width by its memory clock speed. Add Videocards above to start comparisons. Compare the performance of up to 5 different video cards. The actual pixel output rate also depends on many other factors, most notably the memory bandwidth - the lower the memory bandwidth is, the lower the potential to get to the max fill rate.Memory Bandwidth: Bandwidth is the max amount of information (measured in MB per second) that can be transported over the external memory interface within a second. Video Card Chart 2D Graphics Video Card List Minimize Add video cards to start comparisons. ROPs (Raster Operations Pipelines - aka Render Output Units) are responsible for filling the screen with pixels (the image). The GeForce GTX 1650 will be a lot (more or less 104) more effective at texture filtering than the GeForce GTX 750 Ti. Pixel rate is calculated by multiplying the amount of Raster Operations Pipelines by the the card's clock speed. Pixel Rate: Pixel rate is the maximum amount of pixels the video card can possibly record to its local memory in a second - measured in millions of pixels per second. It is measured in millions of texels applied in one second. The better the texel rate, the better the card will be at texture filtering (anisotropic filtering - AF). This is worked out by multiplying the total amount of texture units of the card by the core speed of the chip. It especially helps with AA, High Dynamic Range and high resolutions. The higher the memory bandwidth, the faster the card will be in general. In the case of DDR memory, it must be multiplied by 2 again. It's worked out by multiplying the interface width by its memory speed. Memory Bandwidth: Bandwidth is the max amount of information (counted in megabytes per second) that can be moved over the external memory interface in a second. |
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